Scandinavian Defence

ECO B01 · Level: Beginner · Also known as: Orta Savunma, Center Counter, 1...d5

The Scandinavian Defence (1.e4 d5) challenges the centre on move one. It has little theory and clear plans, making it ideal for beginners.

Position at the end of the main line

Main line

1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5

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History

One of the oldest recorded openings, it gained respect when Anand played it in the 1995 world championship match.

White's plan

  • Develop quickly, gaining tempo on the queen with Nc3.
  • Build a centre with d4 and use the space advantage.

Black's plan

  • The queen goes to a5 or d6; ...Nf6, ...Bf5 and ...c6 build a solid set-up.
  • Alternative: 2...Nf6 to recapture the pawn later (Modern Scandinavian).

Key variations

Main line 3...Qa5

1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5 4.d4 Nf6 5.Nf3 Bf5 6.Bc4 c6

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Modern Scandinavian (2...Nf6)

1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.d4 Nxd5 4.c4 Nb6

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Who should play it?

For beginners who want a solid defence with little memorisation.

Frequently asked questions

Doesn't the queen come out too early?

Yes, but it is safe on a5 or d6, and Black makes up for the lost tempo with a solid structure.

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Related openings

  • Caro-Kann Defence — The Caro-Kann (1.e4 c6) supports ...d5 with c6 to build a very solid centre while keeping the light-squared bishop outside the pawn chain.
  • Alekhine's Defence — Alekhine's Defence (1.e4 Nf6) provokes White's pawns forward and then attacks them.

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